‮𐲠𐳁𐳢𐳐𐳰𐳂𐳀𐳙 𐳖𐳁𐳦𐳏𐳀𐳦𐳜𐳓 𐳀 𐳦𐳢𐳐𐳀𐳙𐳛𐳙𐳐 𐳂𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳓𐳛𐳙𐳌𐳉𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳄𐳐𐳀 𐳂𐳉𐳦𐳐𐳖𐳦𐳛𐳦𐳦 𐳦𐳋𐳢𐳓𐳋𐳠𐳉𐳐

‮𐲦𐳞𐳂𐳂 𐳘𐳐𐳙𐳦 𐳥𐳁𐳯 𐳋𐳮𐳉𐳦 𐳓𐳉𐳖𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳦 𐳮𐳁𐳢𐳙𐳐 𐳀𐳢𐳢𐳀, 𐳏𐳛𐳎 𐲠𐳁𐳢𐳐𐳰𐳂𐳀𐳙 𐳖𐳁𐳦𐳏𐳀𐳤𐳤𐳀 𐳀 𐳦𐳪𐳇𐳛𐳘𐳁𐳚𐳛𐳤 𐳮𐳐𐳖𐳁𐳍 𐳀 𐳦𐳢𐳐𐳀𐳙𐳛𐳙𐳐 𐳂𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳇𐳐𐳓𐳦𐳁𐳦𐳪𐳘𐳛𐳦 𐳘𐳉𐳍𐳉𐳖𐳟𐳯𐳟 𐳦𐳁𐳢𐳎𐳀𐳖𐳁𐳤𐳛𐳓𐳢𐳀 𐳓𐳋𐳥𐳑𐳦𐳉𐳦𐳦 𐳦𐳋𐳢𐳓𐳋𐳠𐳉𐳓𐳉𐳦.

‮𐲘𐳉𐳍𐳑𐳍𐳋𐳢𐳦𐳭𐳓, 𐳘𐳉𐳍𐳋𐳢𐳓𐳉𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳦 𐲘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢𐳛𐳢𐳥𐳁𐳍𐳢𐳀 𐲘𐳛𐳙𐳍𐳜𐳖𐳐𐳁𐳂𐳜𐳖 𐳀 𐳮𐳐𐳖𐳁𐳍 𐳖𐳉𐳍𐳢𐳋𐳍𐳉𐳂𐳂𐳐 𐳏𐳪𐳙 𐳞𐳙𐳦𐳞𐳦𐳦𐳮𐳀𐳤 𐳭𐳤𐳦𐳒𐳉

‮𐲀 𐲘𐳛𐳙𐳍𐳛𐳖 𐲦𐳪𐳇𐳛𐳘𐳁𐳚𐳛𐳤 𐲀𐳓𐳀𐳇𐳋𐳘𐳐𐳀 𐳋𐳤 𐳀 𐲘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢𐳤𐳁𐳍𐳓𐳪𐳦𐳀𐳦𐳜 𐲐𐳙𐳦𐳋𐳯𐳉𐳦 𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳞𐳤 𐳙𐳉𐳘𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳐 𐳓𐳪𐳦𐳀𐳦𐳁𐳤𐳀 𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳂𐳉𐳙 𐳌𐳉𐳖𐳦𐳁𐳢𐳦 𐳥𐳉𐳙𐳯𐳁𐳄𐳐𐳜𐳤 𐳿𐳿 - 𐳿𐳿𐲿 𐳋𐳮𐳉𐳤 𐳏𐳪𐳙 𐳖𐳉𐳖𐳉𐳦 𐳀 𐳥𐳭𐳓𐳤𐳋𐳍𐳉𐳤 𐳉𐳙𐳍𐳉𐳇𐳋𐳗𐳉𐳓 𐳋𐳤 𐳐𐳍𐳀𐳯𐳛𐳖𐳁𐳤𐳛𐳓 𐳪𐳦𐳁𐳙 𐳫𐳦𐳙𐳀𐳓 𐳐𐳙𐳇𐳪𐳖𐳏𐳀𐳦𐳛𐳦𐳦 𐳏𐳀𐳯𐳁𐳙𐳓𐳂𐳀.

‮ ‮𐲘𐳀𐳢𐳀𐳇𐳀𐳙𐳇𐳜𐳦 𐳀𐳖𐳓𐳛𐳦𐳦𐳀𐳓; 𐳛𐳗𐳀𐳦, 𐳀𐳘𐳐𐳢𐳉 𐳓𐳞𐳦𐳉𐳖𐳉𐳤𐳤𐳋𐳍𐳭𐳙𐳓 𐳉𐳘𐳖𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳯𐳙𐳐

‮‮𐲀 𐲏𐳪𐳚𐳀𐳇𐳐- 𐳋𐳤 𐳀 𐲄𐳛𐳢𐳮𐳐𐳙-𐳇𐳐𐳙𐳀𐳥𐳦𐳐𐳁𐳮𐳀𐳖 𐳉𐳎 𐳛𐳗𐳀𐳙 𐳭𐳤𐳦𐳞𐳓𐳞𐳤 𐳦𐳹𐳙𐳦 𐳌𐳉𐳖 𐳀 𐳘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢 𐳦𐳞𐳢𐳦𐳋𐳙𐳉𐳖𐳉𐳘 𐳉𐳍𐳋𐳙, 𐳀𐳘𐳉𐳗𐳙𐳉𐳓 𐳌𐳋𐳚𐳉 𐳀 𐳘𐳀𐳐 𐳙𐳀𐳠𐳐𐳍 𐳙𐳉𐳘 𐳏𐳀𐳖𐳮𐳁𐳚𐳪𐳖𐳦 𐳉𐳖 – 𐳘𐳛𐳙𐳇𐳦𐳀 𐲓𐳁𐳤𐳖𐳉𐳢 𐲘𐳐𐳓𐳖𐳜𐳤, 𐳀𐳯 𐳉𐳘𐳂𐳉𐳢𐳐 𐳉𐳢𐳟𐳌𐳛𐳢𐳢𐳁𐳤𐳛𐳓 𐳘𐳐𐳙𐳐𐳥𐳦𐳉𐳢𐳉 𐳀 𐲘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢𐳤𐳁𐳍𐳓𐳪𐳦𐳀𐳦𐳜 𐲐𐳙𐳦𐳋𐳯𐳉𐳦 𐳓𐳛𐳙𐳌𐳉𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳄𐳐𐳁𐳒𐳁𐳦 𐳘𐳉𐳍𐳚𐳐𐳦𐳜 𐳂𐳉𐳥𐳋𐳇𐳋𐳂𐳉𐳙. 𐲀 𐲏𐳪𐳚𐳀𐳇𐳐𐳀𐳓 𐳋𐳤 𐲄𐳛𐳢𐳮𐳐𐳙𐳛𐳓 𐳄𐳑𐳘𐳉𐳦 𐳮𐳐𐳤𐳉𐳖𐳟, 𐳓𐳋𐳦𐳙𐳀𐳠𐳛𐳤 𐳦𐳪𐳇𐳛𐳘𐳁𐳚𐳛𐳤 𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳇𐳉𐳯𐳮𐳋𐳚 𐳀 𐳙𐳁𐳙𐳇𐳛𐳢𐳌𐳉𐳏𐳋𐳢𐳮𐳁𐳢𐳐 𐳇𐳐𐳀𐳇𐳀𐳖 𐳙𐳀𐳠𐳒𐳁𐳙𐳀𐳓 𐲿𐳽𐳼𐳻. 𐳋𐳮𐳌𐳛𐳢𐳇𐳪𐳖𐳜𐳒𐳁𐳙 𐳮𐳉𐳦𐳦𐳉 𐳓𐳉𐳯𐳇𐳉𐳦𐳋𐳦.

𐲘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢𐳤𐳁𐳍𐳓𐳪𐳦𐳀𐳦𐳜 𐲐𐳙𐳦𐳋𐳯𐳉𐳦

𐲀 𐲘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢𐳤𐳁𐳍𐳓𐳪𐳦𐳀𐳦𐳜 𐲐𐳙𐳦𐳋𐳯𐳉𐳦 𐳌𐳟 𐳄𐳋𐳖𐳒𐳀, 𐳏𐳛𐳎 𐳀 𐳓𐳭𐳖𐳞𐳙𐳂𐳞𐳯𐳟 𐳦𐳪𐳇𐳛𐳘𐳁𐳚𐳛𐳤 𐳥𐳀𐳓𐳁𐳍𐳀𐳓𐳂𐳀𐳙 𐳘𐳉𐳍𐳥𐳭𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳉𐳦𐳦 𐳐𐳤𐳘𐳉𐳢𐳉𐳦𐳉𐳓𐳉𐳦 𐳞𐳥𐳥𐳉𐳏𐳛𐳯𐳯𐳀, 𐳋𐳢𐳦𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳖𐳒𐳉 𐳋𐳤 𐳘𐳀𐳍𐳀𐳤 𐳦𐳪𐳇𐳛𐳘𐳁𐳚𐳛𐳤 𐳥𐳑𐳙𐳮𐳛𐳙𐳀𐳖𐳛𐳙 𐳮𐳋𐳖𐳉𐳘𐳋𐳚𐳉𐳯𐳯𐳉, 𐳀 𐳮𐳀𐳖𐳜𐳥𐳑𐳙𐳹𐳤𐳋𐳍𐳙𐳉𐳓 𐳛𐳗𐳀𐳙 𐳌𐳛𐳓𐳁𐳙, 𐳀𐳘𐳉𐳚𐳚𐳐𐳢𐳉 𐳆𐳀𐳓 𐳖𐳉𐳏𐳉𐳦𐳤𐳋𐳍𐳉𐳤. 𐲀 𐳥𐳉𐳢𐳮𐳉𐳯𐳉𐳦 𐳌𐳉𐳖𐳀𐳇𐳀𐳦𐳀, 𐳏𐳛𐳎 𐳛𐳗𐳀𐳙 𐳓𐳪𐳦𐳀𐳦𐳁𐳤𐳛𐳓𐳀𐳦 𐳮𐳋𐳍𐳉𐳯𐳯𐳉𐳙 𐳀 𐳘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢𐳤𐳁𐳍 𐳘𐳫𐳖𐳦𐳒𐳁𐳙𐳀𐳓, 𐳚𐳉𐳖𐳮𐳋𐳙𐳉𐳓, 𐳉𐳢𐳉𐳇𐳉𐳦𐳋𐳙𐳉𐳓 𐳌𐳉𐳖𐳦𐳁𐳢𐳁𐳤𐳁𐳢𐳀, 𐳀𐳘𐳉𐳗𐳉𐳓𐳢𐳉 𐳉𐳇𐳇𐳐𐳍 𐳙𐳉𐳘 𐳮𐳛𐳖𐳦 𐳖𐳉𐳏𐳉𐳦𐳟𐳤𐳋𐳍. 𐲀 𐲓𐳛𐳢𐳘𐳁𐳚, 𐳐𐳖𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳮𐳉 𐳀𐳯 𐲉𐳘𐳂𐳉𐳢𐳐 𐲉𐳢𐳟𐳌𐳛𐳢𐳢𐳁𐳤𐳛𐳓 𐲘𐳐𐳙𐳐𐳥𐳦𐳋𐳢𐳐𐳪𐳘𐳀 𐳁𐳖𐳦𐳀𐳖 𐳐𐳢𐳁𐳚𐳑𐳦𐳛𐳦𐳦 𐲐𐳙𐳦𐳋𐳯𐳉𐳦 𐳿𐳿𐳼𐳻𐳺𐳺𐳺𐳺. 𐳒𐳀𐳙𐳪𐳁𐳢 𐳺-𐳒𐳋𐳙 𐳓𐳉𐳯𐳇𐳦𐳉 𐳘𐳉𐳍 𐳘𐳹𐳓𐳞𐳇𐳋𐳤𐳋𐳦.

𐳂𐳟𐳮𐳉𐳂𐳂𐳉𐳙

‮𐲦𐳀𐳙𐳪𐳖𐳘𐳁𐳚: 𐳐𐳦𐳦

𐳺𐳉𐳢𐳯𐳟

‮𐲦𐳁𐳙𐳄𐳯𐳛𐳤 𐲮𐳐𐳖𐳘𐳛𐳤

𐲄𐳑𐳘

𐲀 𐳆𐳑𐳓𐳐 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳉𐳓 𐳀 𐳆𐳁𐳙𐳍𐳜𐳓𐳢𐳜𐳖: 𐳓𐳪𐳖𐳦𐳫𐳢𐳞𐳓𐳛𐳖𐳜𐳍𐳐𐳀𐳐 𐳘𐳉𐳍𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳉𐳖𐳑𐳦𐳋𐳤 𐳉𐳎 𐲫𐳯-𐳮𐳞𐳖𐳎𐳐 𐳀𐳥𐳥𐳛𐳚 𐳋𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳦𐳞𐳢𐳦𐳋𐳙𐳉𐳦𐳉𐳐 𐳀𐳖𐳀𐳠𐳒𐳁𐳙

𐲏𐳐𐳮𐳀𐳦𐳓𐳛𐳯𐳁𐳤

A Magyarságkutató Intézet évkönyve, 2020. 515–536.
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.53644/MKIE.2020.515

𐲀𐳂𐳥𐳦𐳢𐳀𐳓𐳦

‮𐲀 𐳼𐳻𐳺𐳺𐳺. 𐳥𐳁𐳯𐳀𐳇𐳂𐳀𐳙 𐳀 𐳺𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳌𐳞𐳖𐳇𐳢𐳟𐳖 𐳀 𐲓𐳉𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳐-𐲓𐳁𐳢𐳠𐳁𐳦𐳛𐳓 𐳮𐳞𐳖𐳎𐳉𐳐𐳂𐳉 𐳦𐳉𐳖𐳉𐳠𐳉𐳇𐳉𐳦𐳦, 𐳀 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳉𐳓 𐳁𐳖𐳦𐳀𐳖 𐳠𐳉𐳒𐳛𐳢𐳀𐳦𐳑𐳮𐳀𐳙 „𐳆𐳁𐳙𐳍𐳜𐳙𐳀𐳓” 𐳙𐳉𐳮𐳉𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳦 𐳖𐳀𐳓𐳛𐳤𐳤𐳁𐳍 𐳉𐳎 𐳞𐳓𐳛𐳖𐳜𐳍𐳐𐳀𐳐 𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳞𐳤𐳤𐳋𐳍𐳂𐳉𐳙 𐳋𐳖𐳦 𐳀 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳤𐳋𐳍𐳍𐳉𐳖, 𐳇𐳉 𐳍𐳀𐳯𐳇𐳀𐳤𐳁𐳍𐳐 𐳥𐳉𐳘𐳠𐳛𐳙𐳦𐳂𐳜𐳖 𐳙𐳉𐳓𐳐𐳓 𐳀𐳖𐳁𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳇𐳉𐳖𐳦 𐳏𐳉𐳗𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳂𐳉𐳙 𐳮𐳛𐳖𐳦. 𐲉𐳙𐳙𐳉𐳓 𐳉𐳥𐳘𐳉𐳐 𐳐𐳍𐳀𐳯𐳛𐳖𐳁𐳤𐳁𐳢𐳀 𐳀 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳤𐳋𐳍 𐳓𐳞𐳢𐳋𐳂𐳉𐳙 𐳖𐳋𐳦𐳢𐳉𐳒𐳞𐳦𐳦 𐳉𐳎 𐳉𐳖𐳟𐳑𐳦𐳋𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳉𐳤 𐳆𐳁𐳙𐳍𐳜 𐳘𐳐𐳦𐳛𐳖𐳜𐳍𐳐𐳀, 𐳀𐳘𐳉𐳗 𐳀𐳯 𐳉𐳎𐳘𐳁𐳤𐳦𐳜𐳖 𐳉𐳖𐳦𐳋𐳢𐳟 𐳓𐳪𐳖𐳦𐳪𐳢𐳁𐳖𐳐𐳤 𐳌𐳉𐳒𐳖𐳟𐳇𐳋𐳤 𐳂𐳐𐳯𐳛𐳚𐳛𐳤, 𐳤𐳀𐳒𐳁𐳦𐳛𐳤𐳀𐳙 „𐳆𐳁𐳙𐳍𐳜𐳤𐳙𐳀𐳓” 𐳘𐳐𐳙𐳟𐳤𐳭𐳖𐳟 𐳓𐳪𐳖𐳦𐳪𐳢𐳁𐳖𐳐𐳤 𐳘𐳉𐳍𐳚𐳐𐳖𐳮𐳁𐳙𐳪𐳖𐳁𐳤𐳀𐳐𐳢𐳀 (𐳚𐳉𐳖𐳮, 𐳌𐳛𐳖𐳓𐳖𐳜𐳢, 𐳒𐳛𐳍𐳥𐳛𐳓𐳁𐳤𐳛𐳓, 𐳀𐳚𐳀𐳍𐳐 𐳓𐳪𐳖𐳦𐳫𐳢𐳀 𐳤𐳦𐳂.) 𐳀𐳖𐳀𐳠𐳛𐳯𐳛𐳦𐳦. 𐲀𐳯 𐳉𐳖𐳟𐳑𐳦𐳋𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳉𐳤 𐳍𐳛𐳙𐳇𐳛𐳖𐳓𐳛𐳇𐳁𐳤𐳙𐳀𐳓 𐳉𐳯 𐳀 𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳇𐳥𐳉𐳢𐳉 𐳉𐳎 𐳠𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳀𐳄𐳐𐳛𐳙𐳁𐳖𐳐𐳤 𐳐𐳇𐳉𐳙𐳦𐳐𐳦𐳁𐳥𐳥𐳉𐳢𐳓𐳉𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳏𐳉𐳯 𐳓𐳞𐳦𐳏𐳉𐳦𐳟, 𐳀𐳘𐳉𐳗 𐳀 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳤𐳋𐳍 𐳓𐳞𐳢𐳋𐳂𐳉𐳙 𐳀 𐳘𐳛𐳇𐳉𐳢𐳙 𐳘𐳀𐳎𐳀𐳢 𐳠𐳛𐳖𐳍𐳁𐳢𐳐 𐳙𐳉𐳘𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳦𐳪𐳇𐳀𐳦 𐳖𐳋𐳦𐳢𐳉𐳒𐳞𐳦𐳦𐳋𐳮𐳉𐳖 𐳙𐳉𐳘 𐳥𐳹𐳙𐳦 𐳘𐳉𐳍 𐳦𐳉𐳖𐳒𐳉𐳤𐳉𐳙, 𐳏𐳀𐳙𐳉𐳘 𐳘𐳀 𐳐𐳤 𐳉𐳯𐳯𐳉𐳖 𐳉𐳎𐳂𐳉𐳌𐳛𐳙𐳜𐳇𐳮𐳀, 𐳥𐳐𐳙𐳓𐳢𐳉𐳦𐳐𐳓𐳪𐳤𐳀𐳙 𐳘𐳹𐳓𐳞𐳇𐳐𐳓. 𐲘𐳐𐳙𐳇𐳐𐳍 𐳉𐳎 𐳀𐳇𐳛𐳦𐳦 𐳋𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳏𐳉𐳗𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳦𐳟𐳖 𐳌𐳭𐳍𐳍, 𐳏𐳛𐳎 𐳀 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗-𐳆𐳁𐳙𐳍𐳜 𐳮𐳐𐳥𐳛𐳚𐳂𐳀𐳙 𐳀 𐳢𐳋𐳍𐳐 𐳠𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳀𐳄𐳐𐳛𐳙𐳁𐳖𐳐𐳤 𐳮𐳀𐳎 𐳀 𐳘𐳛𐳇𐳉𐳢𐳙 𐳙𐳉𐳘𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳐 𐳐𐳇𐳉𐳙𐳦𐳐𐳦𐳁𐳥𐳥𐳉𐳢𐳓𐳉𐳯𐳉𐳦 𐳀𐳓𐳦𐳐𐳮𐳐𐳯𐳁𐳖𐳜𐳇𐳐𐳓-𐳉, 𐳮𐳀𐳎 𐳠𐳉𐳇𐳐𐳍 𐳉𐳎 𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳞𐳤𐳤𐳋𐳍𐳐 𐳐𐳇𐳉𐳛𐳖𐳜𐳍𐳐𐳁𐳓𐳦𐳜𐳖 𐳘𐳉𐳙𐳦𐳉𐳤 𐳎𐳀𐳓𐳛𐳢𐳖𐳀𐳦𐳐 𐳓𐳀𐳠𐳆𐳛𐳖𐳀𐳦 𐳒𐳞𐳙 𐳖𐳋𐳦𐳢𐳉 𐳀 𐳓𐳋𐳦 𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳞𐳤𐳤𐳋𐳍 𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳞𐳦𐳦.

𐲓𐳪𐳖𐳆𐳥𐳀𐳮𐳀𐳓

‮𐳉𐳦𐳙𐳐𐳓𐳀𐳐 𐳐𐳇𐳉𐳙𐳦𐳐𐳦𐳁𐳤, 𐳠𐳢𐳉𐳙𐳀𐳄𐳐𐳛𐳙𐳁𐳖𐳐𐳤 𐳋𐳤 𐳙𐳉𐳘𐳯𐳉𐳦𐳐 𐳐𐳇𐳉𐳙𐳦𐳐𐳦𐳁𐳤, 𐳞𐳓𐳛𐳖𐳜𐳍𐳐𐳀𐳐 𐳓𐳞𐳯𐳞𐳤𐳤𐳋𐳍, 𐳉𐳖𐳟𐳑𐳦𐳋𐳖𐳉𐳦𐳉𐳓, 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳉𐳓, 𐳎𐳐𐳘𐳉𐳤𐳐 𐳋𐳤 𐳘𐳛𐳖𐳇𐳮𐳀𐳐 𐳆𐳁𐳙𐳍𐳜𐳓

𐲠𐳀𐳢𐳦𐳙𐳉𐳢𐳉𐳐𐳙𐳓